In the case of molecular hydrogen (H 2), two s orbitals are bonded together to form a hydrogen molecule. Let’s assume that there is an electron somewhere in the s-orbital (inside the sphere). Each orbital can have two electrons in it. Because of the probability of the existence of electrons, in some cases there may be no electrons in the electron orbit.Įlectron orbitals (where the probability of the existence of electrons is high) can be classified into s and p orbitals. Something like a cloud exists, and electrons exist inside this cloud. Instead of revolving around an atom like a planet, it is better to think of electrons as a cloud. s and p Orbitals (d Orbitals) That Exist in Electron Orbitals Possibly, the electron may exist in another place different from the K-shell.īut overall, there is a high probability that the electron in the hydrogen atom is in the K-shell. However, it is not clear whether the electrons exist in the K-shell or not. For example, in a hydrogen atom, the K-shell contains an electron. Unless we forget this image, we cannot properly understand electron orbitals, such as s orbitals and p orbitals.Īn electron orbital is the probability of an electron’s existence. In the same way that the planets revolve around the sun, electrons revolve around atoms.īut this is not correct. When studying high school chemistry, all people imagine that electrons are revolving around atoms. The Electrons Don’t Revolve Around the Atoms 5 Learn About s and p Orbitals, and Understand the Hybridization of Electrons.4 Molecular Shape (3D Structure) Is Important in Hybrid Orbitals.3.3 sp Hybrid Orbitals: Examples of Acetylene, Acetonitrile and Allene.3.2 sp2 Hybrid Orbitals: Binding Angle of Ethylene (Ethene) and Acetaldehyde.3.1.1 Adding an Unshared Electron Pair to the Hand: The Ammonia Example.3.1 sp3 Hybrid Orbitals: Compounds with Four Hands, Such As Methane and Ethane.3 The Way to Identify Hybrid Orbitals Is to Count the Number of Hands.2.1 In Hybrid Orbitals, s and p Orbitals Are Averaged and Considered the Same.
#HOMO AND LUMO OF AMMONIA HOW TO#
2 What Is Hybridization? How to Identify Hybrid Orbitals and Their Energy.1.1 s and p Orbitals (d Orbitals) That Exist in Electron Orbitals.1 The Electrons Don’t Revolve Around the Atoms.
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